• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Local Positioning System (LPS) uses radio propagation parameters on the CDMA forward link or TDMA reverse link to set the location of the mobile station. The mobile station receives pilot channel signals from at least three different base stations and records the PN chip offsets of the pilot channel signals. The LPS time difference of the arrival triangulation approach does not require additional signal detection capability. The base station sends a pilot channel signal reaching the mobile station at a particular phase and at least a predetermined minimum strength. To estimate the position of the mobile station, the mobile station reports the “visible” pilot channel signals, their phase and signal strength back to the LPS using a positional non-linear system expressed as a set of cost functions. In addition, LPS can solve the 9-1-1 mobile location problem for wireless CDMA systems by determining the location of the distressed person with the digital cellular phone.
    公开号:KR20000062203A
    申请号:KR1019990058179
    申请日:1999-12-16
    公开日:2000-10-25
    发明作者:첸바이론후아；파라마라마리아이.；발바로찰리스
    申请人:루센트 테크놀러지스 인크；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Local positioning system
    The present invention relates to determining the location of a mobile station, and more particularly to determining the location of a mobile station using a time difference of arrive (TDOA).
    Global positioning system (GPS) is commonly used to provide the receiver with accurate measurements of position. The GPS receiver receives a signal from the satellite and determines the location by performing TDOA calculations based on the known location of the satellite. The receiver is usually mounted on a vehicle or boat and provided for one purpose. The cost for GPS receivers is generally limited to buyers for advanced vehicles, aircraft and boat owners.
    Digital cellular / PCS phones are a very convenient and inexpensive means for communicating with other people or communication systems wherever a user is. The user may also call 9-1-1 in an emergency. Currently, however, wireless communication systems are unable to accurately determine the location of the sender without the use of satellites and GPS.
    Current wireless communication systems employ multiple access techniques that combine signals from different sources to share a common medium to many users without mutual interference. One basic form of multiple access technology is code division multiple access (CDMA). In CDMA, each base station transmits a pilot channel signal that is an unmodulated pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence. The PN sequence comprises a sequence of PN chips, each PN chip corresponding to a distance of about 800.4 feet. Each base station transmits a pilot channel signal using a different timing offset so that mobile stations can distinguish from which base station the pilot channel signal was sent.
    The mobile station is time synchronized with the serving base station (ie, the base station with which the mobile station is in communication). The mobile station searches for a time interval called a search window for the pilot channel signal. Each base station is configured to transmit a pilot channel signal to predict that the mobile station will begin receiving only one pilot channel signal within each search window. When the mobile station detects a pilot channel signal, the mobile station measures the strength of the pilot channel signal and records the phase of the pilot channel signal through the PN chip as the pilot channel signal arrives at the mobile station. If the strength of the pilot channel signal exceeds a predetermined threshold, the base station transmitting the pilot channel signal is " visible " to the mobile station. Measurements and records are sent from the mobile station to the serving base station or to some other predetermined location over the reverse link.
    Conventional methods of determining the ground position of a mobile station generally require an indication of the distance between at least three "visible" base stations and the mobile station. The distance between the base station and the mobile station is equal to the time Δt i for the signal for moving from the base station to the mobile station multiplied by the wave speed ν of the signal. If Δt 1 ν is the distance from the mobile station (with geographical coordinates (x 0 , y 0 )) to the first base station (with known geographical coordinates (x 1 , y 1 )), Δt 2 ν is the mobile station Is the distance from the mobile station to the second base station with known geographic coordinates (x 2 , y 2 ), and Δt 3 ν is the distance from the mobile station to the third base station with known geographic coordinates (x 3 , y 3 ). If so, then based on the Pythagorean theorem, the following equation derived for the time of arrival TOA is approached to determine the position of the mobile station (x 0 , y 0 ).

    However, in CDMA, the time Δt i is not known because the mobile station does not have a completely accurate time to reference to measure Δt i .
    The TDOA approach reduces the number of equations from three to two (Equation (3) -Equation (1) and Equation (2) -Equation (1)). If there is no system measurement error or multi-path effect described below, the TDOA approach provides accurate positioning. Unfortunately, system measurement error and multi-path effects generally exist and deviate from correct positioning. Therefore, the above equation cannot be used directly to accurately determine the geographical position of the mobile station M.
    The present invention uses radio propagation parameters in a code-division multiple access (CDMA) front link or a time-division multiple access (TDMA) reverse link to estimate the position of a mobile station to solve this problem. Provides a local positioning system (LPS) designed for.
    The LPS determines the position of the mobile station using trigonometry with a minimum of two sets of equations (called a cost function). The first set of cost functions represents the distance error from the "visible" base station to the mobile station, and the second set of cost functions represents the position error in the position estimate of the mobile station. Two sets of cost functions include variables that are common to one or more cost functions in the set. The cost functions are minimized by estimating values for unknown variables in each equation, so that distance or position errors in the set are as close to zero as possible.
    When the distance between the mobile station and the base station is unknown, to determine the geographic coordinates of the mobile station, the LPS first estimates the distance from the mobile station to the base station to reduce system measurement error and multi-path effect. Then, if the distance is estimated, the LPS estimates the geographical coordinates (x 0 , y 0 ) of the mobile station based on the distance traveled.
    In a preferred embodiment, the LPS is a software implementation in a computer to determine the geographic location of the mobile station. The LPS receives a data sample containing information indicating the arrival time of the pilot channel signal at the mobile station and accesses base station information indicating the location of at least three cellular or PCS base stations with which the arrival time information is associated. The LPS then estimates the distance from the mobile station to the base station by minimizing the first set or cost function of the equation and estimates the geographical coordinates of the mobile station by minimizing the second set or cost function of the equation based on the estimated distance.
    The LPS of the present invention offers the advantage of using existing equipment to provide positioning capabilities similar to GPS. LPS does not require additional signal detection capability and only requires minor modifications to existing wireless telephone systems. No additional hardware is required, unlike standard CDMA / TDMA systems, which creates an LPS cost effect. LPS can also solve the 911 mobile location problem for wireless CDMA / TDMA systems. The LPS can then determine their location from the distressed person's digital phone.
    1 shows a mobile station located inside a triangle formed by three different base stations;
    2 illustrates a mobile station located outside of a triangle formed by three different base stations.
    3A is a schematic perspective view of an LPS implementation in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    3B is a schematic perspective view of an LPS implementation in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    4 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of an LPS.
    5 is a chart for explaining an example of performance analysis of LPS.
    * Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
    μ: multi-path parameter 10: Computer
    The invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which components are numbered.
    The embodiment described herein is used in a CDMA front link triangulation (FLT) system. The present embodiment is also applicable to a TDMA reverse link triangulation (RLT) system in synchronization with the base station.
    The LPS receives a data sample representing information regarding the mobile station, accesses base station information considered as at least three base stations, determines the geographic coordinates of the mobile station, and estimates the location of the mobile station. The LPS determines the position of the mobile station by minimizing the first set of equations or the cost function to estimate the distance between the mobile station and the base station based on the data samples and the base station information, and calculates the geographic coordinates of the mobile station to estimate the geographic coordinates of the mobile station. Minimize two sets or cost functions.
    LPS is based on TDOA using measured phase shift or chip offset information of a pilot channel signal transmitted from a particular base station "visible" to the mobile station. The TDOA triangulation approach requires time or propagation delay measurements from at least three “visible” base stations. If less than three base stations are "visible" to the mobile station, the LPS waits for the mobile station report of the three "visible" base stations or sets the signal strength threshold level in order for the mobile station to recognize more pilot channel signals from other base stations. Will adjust. The mobile station frequently measures the pilot channel signal phase so that position estimates can be generated and continue to be more accurate.
    1 shows a point representing a mobile station M located within a triangle of points representing a " visible " base station b 1 , b 2 and b 3 , which are separated from the mobile station M by d 1 , d 2 and d 3 , respectively. Between the length (b 1 b 2), base (b 1 and b 3) the length (b 1 b 3) and base (b 2 and b 3) between the distance between the base station (b 1 and b 2) between the base station Measured by length b 2 b 3 .
    Angles α 12 , α 13 and α 23 are formed by arcs b 1 Mb 2 , b 1 Mb 3 and b 2 Mb 3 , respectively. In FIG. 1, angle α 23 is equal to 360 degrees minus angle α 12 and angle α 13 . FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1 except that the mobile station M is located outside the triangle b 1 b 2 b 3 and the angle α 23 is equal to the sum of the angle α 12 and the angle α 13 . .
    3A shows a diagram of an LPS embodiment. The LPS includes a computer 10 and an article of manufacture 20 and is located in one of the base stations. The article of manufacture 20 includes a computer readable medium and executable program for locating the mobile station M. FIG.
    3B shows an alternative LPS embodiment. The LPS 1 comprises a computer 10 for receiving a signal 30 which carries an executable program for finding a mobile station M. Signal 30 is transmitted in digital format with or without carrier waves.
    4 shows a flowchart of the LPS for locating the mobile station M in the preferred embodiment. In step S10, the LPS 1 reads a data sample (e.g., sector number, pilot phase and strength of the pilot channel signal) from the mobile station M. In step S20, the LPS 1 reads a cell site table containing information such as the base station ID, the sector number of the base station and the geographic location of the measured base station, such as (e.g., latitude and longitude). In step S30, the sector numbers of the data samples match this information in the cell site table to determine where the pilot channel signal originated. If the pilot channel signals are from at least three base stations, a triangle b 1 b 2 b 3 is formed, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the mobile station M and the base stations b 1 , b 2 and The distance between b 3 ) and the geographical location of the mobile station M can be determined.
    The distance between the mobile station M and the visible base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 is estimated in step S40. The computer 10 calculates the distance d 1 to minimize the set of cost functions for the distance error and determine the distances d 2 and d 3 based on the estimated distance d 1 . The determination of distances d 2 and d 3 based on the estimated distance d 1 and distance d 1 is described below.
    The LPS uses the TDOA to determine the geographical coordinates of the mobile station M in step S50. Known latitude of calculating LPS (1) is the local coordinate that is, (x 0, y 0) of the mobile station (M) in association with the base station (b 1) a service, and the base station (b 1, b 2 and b 3) and Convert local coordinates (x 0 , y 0 ) to global latitude and longitude based on the longitude. When the pilot channel signal phase measurement and recording is successful, the geographical location of the mobile station M can be re-estimated and averaged to provide more accurate analysis.
    Step S40-estimating the distance between the mobile station and the base station
    The two most important system measurement errors in the TDOA approach are rounding errors in pilot channel signal phase measurements and synchronization errors between base stations. For pilot channel signal phase measurements, if one chip corresponds to 800.4 feet, the rounding error (worst case, which is half the chip) contributes to a 400.2 foot out of position. The rounding error may be indicated by the random variable T 1 when the uniform distribution is satisfied.
    Ideally, each base station is time synchronized with the other base station. In addition, each base station can be time synchronized using a GPS clock. However, the actual clock at the base station tends to drift around nominal values. While satisfying other uniform distributions, the drift error can be represented by a random variable T 2 . The effect of the error source can be added to the same system measurement error T, which is the sum of the random variable T 1 plus the random variable T 2 . Thus, the measured pilot channel signal phase pi is equal to the true pilot channel signal phase plus system measurement error T.
    If the measurements used belong to a line-of-sight (LOS) signal, TDOA works best because the site line is the shortest line between two points. Unfortunately, it is not always possible for the mobile station M to receive LOS signals from the base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 . A single signal transmitted from any of the base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 may reflect other objects such as buildings, trees and vehicles before it reaches the mobile station M, so that the signal is LOS It takes a longer path than it does for signals. This multipath effect causes signal arrival delay and adversely affects TDOA estimation.
    Since there is no guarantee that the mobile station M will obtain a line-of-site (LOS) signal from the visible base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 , the arrival time delay caused by the multi-path signal may be Consideration should be given when TDOA is used to determine the distance between M) and the base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 . However, the degree of delay differs depending on the distance and the object located between the mobile station M and the base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 , which makes it very difficult to formulate. Thus, a single multi-path parameter μ represents a proportional time delay resulting from the multi-path effect, and a non-instead of random number because a single multi-path parameter μ must be estimated for all pilot channel signals. It is formatted as a random parameter. If only the LOS signal is obtained from the base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 where the mobile station M is visible, the multi-path parameter μ is generally less than 1 and is equal to its highest value of 1. something to do.
    It should be noted that one single multi-path parameter (μ) should be assumed to imply a homogenous multi-path effect. In other words, the delay caused by the multi-path effect is assumed to be the same for each pilot channel signal, even if the multi-path effect in the pilot channel signal from each base station b 1 , b 2 and b 3 is different. do. The multi-path parameter (μ) representing uniform extra delay can substantially reduce the multi-path effect. Multi-path parameters (μ) can be varied within a range defined by models associated with typical environments such as rural, urban, suburban, highway, etc.
    In order to determine the time it takes for the pilot channel signal to travel from the base station b i to the mobile station M, the mobile station M determines the exact time (synchronized with the GPS) that the base station b i transmits the pilot channel signal. It also does not know the exact time at which the mobile station M receives the pilot channel signal. Therefore, the distances d 1 , d 2 and d 3 between the base station b i and the mobile station M are unknown.
    However, the base stations are synchronized with each other, and the mobile station M is synchronized with the serving base station b 1 . Therefore, the mobile station M can record the chip offset of the pilot channel signal phase emitted from the remote base stations b 2 and b 3 in association with the pilot channel signal of the serving base station b 1 . Therefore, the mobile station M is required for pilot channel signals for moving from the remote base stations b 2 and b 3 to the mobile station M after receiving the pilot channel signals from the serving base station b 1 . It may determine the additional time, that a remote base station (b 2 and b 3) measured by phases are related to the phase of the mobile station (M) and the base station (b 1) the base station (b 1) which service is set to zero because of the synchronization of the Because it can be. The mobile station (M) is the pilot channel signal phase (p 2) to the base station (b 1 and b 2) a pilot channel signal identified with the phase difference between the phase recording, and the pilot channel signal phase (p 2) of the base (b 1 and b 3 ) is equal to the phase difference between the pilot channel signal phase writes. Thus, distance d 2 is distance d 1 plus 800.4 feet multiplied pilot channel signal phase p 2 .
    d 2 = d 1 + 800.4 (p 2 ) ft (4)
    Similarly, distance d 3 is distance d 1 plus 800.4 feet multiply pilot channel signal phase p 3 .
    d 3 = d 1 + 800.4 (p 3 ) ft (5)
    However, the distance d 1 must be estimated before the distances d 2 and d 3 are determined.
    As a result, the LPS 1 estimates the distance d 1 . To search for an estimate for distance d 1 , the following equations 6 to 8 are cost functions that are minimized (solved equation) for distance errors F 12 , F 13 and F 23 .
    F 12 = (b 1 b 2 ) 2 -μ 2 d 1 2 -μ 2 d 2 2 + 2μ 2 (d 1 ) (d 2 ) cosα 12 (6)
    F 13 = (b 1 b 3 ) 2 -μ 2 d 1 2 -μ 2 d 3 2 + 2μ 2 (d 1 ) (d 3 ) cosα 13 (7)
    F 23 = (b 2 b 3 ) 2 -μ 2 d 2 2 -μ 2 d 3 2 + 2μ 2 (d 2 ) (d 3 ) cosα 23 (8)
    In the above equation, the distances d 1 , the multi-path parameters μ and the angle α are substituted and the distances d 2 and d 3 based on equations 4 and 5 are substituted. The cost function for the distance errors F 12 , F 13 and F 23 should be minimized to best estimate the distance d 1 .
    Minimization of the cost functions F 12 , F 13 and F 23 can be achieved using well known minimization approaches, such as by the steepest decrease or upward search with respect to (d 1 ). For example, when using an incremental search approach, the cost function above estimates the range of distance (d 1 ) and the multi-path parameter (μ), and the equations (6-8) for each increment in the range, respectively. And minimize by selecting a distance (d 1 ), a multi-path parameter (μ), and an angle (α 12 , α 13 , α 23 ) that provide near-zero distance errors (F 12 , F 13 , F 23 ). Can be. After the distance d 1 is estimated, the distances d 2 , d 3 can be determined using equations (4) and (5).
    Equations 6 to 8 have four unknown values: distance d 1 , multi-path parameter μ and angle α 12 and α 13 . As described above, when the mobile station M is located in the triangle b 1 b 2 b 3 , the angle α 23 is equal to the 360 degree minus angle α 12 and α 13 . When the mobile station M is located outside the triangle b 1 b 2 b 3 , the angle α 23 is equal to the angle α 12 plus the angle α 13 . However, angles α 12 and α 13 are determined based on the estimated distance d 1 . In other words, the values of the angles α 12 and α 13 are determined in accordance with the value of the distance d 1 .
    One skilled in the art can measure the round trip delay of the pilot channel signal sent from the base station b 1 served by the CDMA (and TDMA) system to the mobile station M and back to the serving base station b 1 again. It will be easy to understand that there is. This round trip delay provides the advantage that the LPS 1 can use a narrower range to estimate the range of distance d 1 .
    Step S50-determine the geographical location of the mobile station
    After the distances d 1 , d 2 and d 3 have been estimated, the mobile station M cartesian coordinates (x 0 , y 0 ) can be obtained from the equation (C 1 ) for the cost functions G 1 , G 2 and G 3 . 9 to 11) can be estimated by minimizing.
    G 1 = μ 2 (d 1 ) 2- | (x 1 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 1 -y 0 ) 2 | (9)
    G 2 = μ 2 (d 2 ) 2- | (x 2 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 2 -y 0 ) 2 | 10
    G 3 = μ 2 (d 3 ) 2- | (x 3 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 3 -y 0 ) 2 | (11)
    Where G i , i = 1, 2 and 3 position error and 0 in the ideal case. However, since distances d 1 , d 2 and d 3 are estimated, equations 7 through 9 are not solved correctly, but the best estimate of (x 0 , y 0 ) can be found by minimizing G i . have.
    Example Estimation and Coordinate Transformation
    The mobile station M is synchronized with the base station. As a result, in the base station (1 b) the mobile station (M) in response to a message to return to the phase shift of the reference pilot channel signals transmitted from the base station (1 b) is set to zero. Pilot channel signal phases from base stations b 2 and b 3 are recorded in chip off-sets from the zero phase shift of base station b 1 . Thus, once the distance d 1 is estimated, the distances d 2 and d 3 can be determined directly as discussed above.
    According to steps S10 and S20 of FIG. 4, the LPS 1 collects input information including information of the mobile station M and base station b 1 , b 2 and b 3 . For example, the mobile station M is a pilot channel signal emitted from the base station b 1 while the base station checks 432 pilots (PN) and 17 pilot channel signal strengths (-8.5 dB), and the base station is 76 pilots ( PN), the pilot channel signal phase (p 2 ) identical to that of the 4 PN chip, and the pilot channel signal emitted from the base station b 2 while checking the pilot channel signal strength (-10.5 dB) of 21, and the base station transmits 220 pilots ( PN), the same pilot channel signal phase (p 2 ) as the 3 PN chip and the pilot channel signal strength (-9.5 dB) of 19 are recorded while recording the pilot channel signal emitted from the base station b 3 . According to step S30 of FIG. 4, the pilots PNs reported by the mobile station M are sent to the cell site table to determine from which base stations b 1 , b 2 and b 3 pilot channel signals were transmitted. Matches pilots (PNs) in stored sector information. Here, the base station b 1 is the cell number 138, transmits a pilot PN of 432, and is located at latitude 40.861389 and longitude -73.864167. Base station b 2 is cell number 140 and transmits a pilot PN of 76 and is located at latitude 40.867500 and longitude -73.884722. Base station b 3 is cell number 43 and transmits a pilot PN of 220 and is located at latitude 40.878889 and longitude -73.871389.
    Base station latitude and longitudes are converted to a local coordinate system (x, y). The coordinates (0,0) of the base station (b 1 ) are set to the origin, the coordinates (x 2 , 0) of the base station (b 2 ) are set on the x-axis, and the coordinates (x 3 ,) of the base station (b 3 ). y 3 ) are determined from known distances between base stations.
    According to step S40 of FIG. 4, the cost function equations 6 to 8 are calculated as distance d 1 = 0.801 miles, multi-path parameter μ = 0.98, angle α 12 = 1.784084 radians, angle α 13 ) = 3.002281 radians and angle (α 23 ) = 1.218859 radians to minimize. Based on the estimated distance d 1 , the distances d 2 and d 3 are directly determined to be 0.983620 miles and 0.839603 miles, respectively, as described above. According to step S50 of FIG. 4, equations 9 through 11 are minimized to determine that the local Cartesian coordinates (x 0 , y 0 ) are (0.237018, 0.357580). These coordinates can be converted back to latitude and longitude so that the location of the mobile station M can be more easily marked on the map to show where the street it is located. In this embodiment, the local Cartesian coordinates (0.237018, 0.357580) of the geographic location of the mobile station (M) are converted to latitude 40.867465 and longitude -73.865885.
    In the above embodiment, the angle α 13 is the angle α 12 plus the angle α 23 . The mobile station M is therefore not within the triangle b1b2b3 but instead is located outside of the length b 1 b 3 .
    Estimated distance deviation
    In FIG. 5 the bottom line is between the true position and the LPS estimated position of the mobile station M based on a time deviation (μs) caused by a system measurement error, including a rounding error and a synchronization error in the pilot channel signal phase measurement. Sample of distance deviation (ft). The upper line represents the best error for performance during the instant time. If the momentary time is extended long and the deviation is averaged, the deviation will be the error line below. Thus, if the base station is synchronized, the rounding error in the pilot channel signal phase measurement approaches 200 feet alone.
    Reverse Link Triangulation (RLT)
    In TDMA systems in North America, time arrival is obtained at the base station rather than the mobile station. The mobile station transmits a coded digital acknowledgment color code (CDVCC) signal as the mobile station's acknowledgment. Assuming that the CDVCC signal is received, the receiving base station time marks the reception time of the CDVCC signal. If the base stations are synchronized, the base station subtracts the signal reception time at the first base station from the time of the late received signal at another base station to determine the relative time difference between the arrival of the CDVCC signal. Thus, LPS is applicable to both CDMA and TDMA systems.
    Therefore, equations (6 to 11) are also applicable to the TDMA RLT geographic location system if the clock signal or base stations included in the location looking for a particular mobile station are synchronized. Synchronization can be accomplished by installing a GPS. The reverse link signals are transmitted from the mobile station to the base station on the reverse link and are generally in a different frequency band than the forward link of the CDMA system, but for the TDMA system in the same frequency band and different time slots.
    If time arrival is measured at the base station, the TDMA reverse link will provide a more precise position because there is no chip rounding error as in the CDMA forward link. In addition, power control in TDMA is not as stringent as in CDMA, making it easier for multiple base stations to "see" signals from mobile stations. The inputs required by TDMA reverse link triangulation are continuously identified in the TDMA for identification of mobile stations requiring location services, arrival of relative time at base stations, position of all base stations (latitude / longitude), and round-trip transmission delay (for time alignment). Measured). The signal strength from the mobile station is also required to aid handoff and can be measured at neighboring base stations.
    While the invention has been described in connection with the specification embodiments herein, it will be apparent that numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above are illustrated without limitation. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
    The LPS of the present invention offers the advantage of using existing equipment to provide positioning capabilities similar to GPS. LPS can also solve the 911 mobile location problem for wireless CDMA / TDMA systems.
    权利要求:
    Claims (29)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] A method for determining the location of a mobile station,
    (a) receiving pilot channel signal information indicative of the arrival time of pilot channel signals at a mobile station; And
    (b) estimating the position of the mobile station based on the base station information and minimizing a set of position error cost functions based on pilot channel signal information indicating the positions of the plurality of base stations with respect to arrival time.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein the position error cost function is derived from the equation
    G 1 = μ 2 (d 1 ) 2- | (x 1 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 1 -y 0 ) 2 |,
    G 2 = μ 2 (d 2 ) 2- | (x 2 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 2 -y 0 ) 2 |,
    G 3 = μ 2 (d 3 ) 2- | (x 3 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 3 -y 0 ) 2 |
    Where μ is the multi-path effect parameter, d 1 is the distance from the mobile station to the first base station, d 2 is the distance from the mobile station to the second base station, d 3 is the distance from the mobile station to the third base station, (x 0 , y 0 ) is the local Cartesian coordinate of the mobile station, (x 1 , y 1 ) is the local Cartesian coordinate of the first base station, (x 2 , y 2 ) is the local Cartesian coordinate of the second mobile station, (x 3 , y 3 ) a method for determining a mobile station indicating local Cartesian coordinates of a third mobile station.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] 3. The method of claim 2, wherein at d 2 = d 1 + 800.4 (p 2 ) ft, p 2 is the phase difference between pilot channel signal phase recordings of the first and second base stations,
    at d 3 = d 1 + 800.4 (p 3 ) ft, p 3 is the phase difference between pilot channel signal phase recordings of the first and third base stations.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein before step (b),
    (c) receiving base station information indicating locations of the plurality of base stations, and
    (d) matching the base station information and the pilot channel signal information based on a source identifier common to both the pilot channel signal information and the base station information.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said arrival time corresponds to a synchronized timing of a base station.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein before step (b),
    (e) estimating the distance from the mobile station to one of the base stations by minimizing a set of distance error cost functions including the angle formed by the base stations and the mobile station.
    [7" claim-type="Currently amended] 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the distance error cost function is derived from the equation
    F 12 = (b 1 b 2 ) 2 -μ 2 d 1 2 -μ 2 d 2 2 + 2μ 2 (d 1 ) (d 2 ) cosα 12 ,
    F 13 = (b 1 b 3 ) 2 -μ 2 d 1 2 -μ 2 d 3 2 + 2μ 2 (d 1 ) (d 3 ) cosα 13 ,
    F 23 = (b 2 b 3 ) 2 -μ 2 d 2 2 -μ 2 d 3 2 + 2μ 2 (d 2 ) (d 3 ) cosα 23
    Here, b 1 b 2 is the distance from the first base station to the second base station, b 1 b 3 is the distance from the first base station to the third base station, b 2 b 3 is the distance from the second base station to the third base station, μ is a multi-path parameter, d 1 is the distance from the mobile station to the first base station, d 2 is the distance from the mobile station to the second base station, d 3 is the distance from the mobile station to the third base station, and α 12 is the mobile station and the first base station. And an angle formed by the line between the second base station, α 13 is an angle formed by the line between the mobile station and the first and third base stations, and α 23 is an angle formed by the line between the mobile station and the second and third base stations. Indicating a mobile station positioning method.
    [8" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein the pilot channel signal information comprises at least one of a source identifier, a pilot channel signal phase, and a pilot strength.
    [9" claim-type="Currently amended] 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the base station information comprises at least one of a source identifier and a base station location.
    [10" claim-type="Currently amended] 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising averaging the estimate of the mobile station position with a previous estimate of the mobile station to obtain a mean estimation of the mobile station position.
    [11" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein the pilot channel signal information is included in a CDMA signal.
    [12" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein the pilot channel signal information is included in a TDMA signal.
    [13" claim-type="Currently amended] A local positioning system implemented on a computer to determine a location of a mobile station,
    Means for receiving pilot channel signal information indicative of the arrival time of pilot channel signals at a mobile station; And
    Means for estimating the position of the mobile station based on the base station information and minimizing a set of position error cost functions based on pilot channel signal information indicating the position of the plurality of base stations with which the time of arrival is related.
    [14" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the position error cost function is derived from the equation
    G 1 = μ 2 (d 1 ) 2- | (x 1 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 1 -y 0 ) 2 |,
    G 2 = μ 2 (d 2 ) 2- | (x 2 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 2 -y 0 ) 2 |,
    G 3 = μ 2 (d 3 ) 2- | (x 3 -x 0 ) 2 + (y 3 -y 0 ) 2 |
    Where μ is the multi-path effect parameter, d 1 is the distance from the mobile station to the first base station, d 2 is the distance from the mobile station to the second base station, d 3 is the distance from the mobile station to the third base station, (x 0 , y 0 ) is the local Cartesian coordinate of the mobile station, (x 1 , y 1 ) is the local Cartesian coordinate of the first base station, (x 2 , y 2 ) is the local Cartesian coordinate of the second mobile station, (x 3 , y 3 ) a local positioning system, wherein the local Cartesian coordinates of the third mobile station.
    [15" claim-type="Currently amended] 15. The method of claim 14, wherein at d 2 = d 1 + 800.4 (p 2 ) ft, p 2 is a phase difference between pilot channel signal phase recordings of the first and second base stations,
    at d 3 = d 1 + 800.4 (p 3 ) ft, p 3 is a phase difference between pilot channel signal phase recordings of the first and third base stations.
    [16" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 13, wherein prior to the position estimation means of the mobile station,
    Means for receiving base station information indicative of the location of the plurality of base stations, and
    And means for matching the base station information and the pilot channel signal information based on a source identifier common to both the pilot channel signal information and the base station information.
    [17" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The local positioning system of claim 13, wherein said arrival time corresponds to a synchronized timing of a base station.
    [18" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The apparatus of claim 13, prior to the means for estimating the position of the mobile station,
    And means for estimating the distance from the mobile station to one of the base stations by minimizing a set of distance error cost functions including the angle formed by the base stations and the mobile station.
    [19" claim-type="Currently amended] 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the distance error cost function is derived from the equation
    F 12 = (b 1 b 2 ) 2 -μ 2 d 1 2 -μ 2 d 2 2 + 2μ 2 (d 1 ) (d 2 ) cosα 12 ,
    F 13 = (b 1 b 3 ) 2 -μ 2 d 1 2 -μ 2 d 3 2 + 2μ 2 (d 1 ) (d 3 ) cosα 13 ,
    F 23 = (b 2 b 3 ) 2 -μ 2 d 2 2 -μ 2 d 3 2 + 2μ 2 (d 2 ) (d 3 ) cosα 23
    Here, b 1 b 2 is the distance from the first base station to the second base station, b 1 b 3 is the distance from the first base station to the third base station, b 2 b 3 is the distance from the second base station to the third base station, μ is a multi-path parameter, d 1 is the distance from the mobile station to the first base station, d 2 is the distance from the mobile station to the second base station, d 3 is the distance from the mobile station to the third base station, and α 12 is the mobile station and the first base station. And an angle formed by the line between the second base station, α 13 is an angle formed by the line between the mobile station and the first and third base stations, and α 23 is an angle formed by the line between the mobile station and the second and third base stations. Represents local positioning system.
    [20" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the pilot channel signal information comprises at least one of a source identifier, a pilot channel signal phase, and a pilot strength.
    [21" claim-type="Currently amended] 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the base station information comprises at least one of a source identifier and a base station location.
    [22" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The local positioning system of claim 13, further comprising means for averaging a previous estimate of the mobile station and an estimate of the mobile station location to obtain an average estimate of the mobile station location.
    [23" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the pilot channel signal information is included in a CDMA signal.
    [24" claim-type="Currently amended] 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the pilot channel signal information is included in a TDMA signal.
    [25" claim-type="Currently amended] An executable program implemented on a computer readable medium for determining a location of a mobile station,
    A receiving source code segment for receiving pilot channel signal information indicative of the arrival time of pilot channel signals at a mobile station; And
    And an evaluation source code segment for estimating the position of the mobile station based on the base station information and minimizing a set of position error cost functions based on pilot channel signal information indicating the position of the plurality of base stations with respect to arrival time.
    [26" claim-type="Currently amended] 26. The program of claim 25 further comprising a computational source code segment for estimating the distance from the mobile station to one of the base stations by minimizing a set of distance error cost functions including the angle formed by the base stations and the mobile station.
    [27" claim-type="Currently amended] In computer data signals,
    A received signal segment for receiving pilot channel signal information indicative of the arrival time of pilot channel signals at a mobile station; And
    And an estimated signal segment for estimating the position of the mobile station based on the base station information and minimizing a set of position error cost functions based on pilot channel signal information indicative of the position of the plurality of base stations associated with the arrival time.
    [28" claim-type="Currently amended] 28. The computer data signal of claim 27 further comprising a computational signal segment for estimating the distance from the mobile station to one of the base stations by minimizing a set of distance error cost functions including the angle formed by the base stations and the mobile station. .
    [29" claim-type="Currently amended] 28. The computer data signal of claim 27 wherein the computer data signal is implemented on a carrier wave.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US9513375B2|2016-12-06|Positioning system and method using GPS with wireless access points
    US9599696B2|2017-03-21|Procedure to increase position location availability
    US9014719B2|2015-04-21|Method and apparatus for improving radio location accuracy with measurements
    US9213081B2|2015-12-15|Cooperative positioning
    US7277050B2|2007-10-02|Positioning system
    US7852267B2|2010-12-14|Transfer of calibrated time information in a mobile terminal
    EP2434308B1|2014-06-11|Method And System For Validating A Mobile Station Location Fix
    US8447319B2|2013-05-21|System and method for locating UMTS user equipment using measurement reports
    US7046987B2|2006-05-16|Finding cell phones in rubble and related situations
    EP2309287B1|2013-03-13|Improvements in radio positioning systems
    US8179816B1|2012-05-15|System and method for high resolution indoor positioning using a narrowband RF transceiver
    US8433339B2|2013-04-30|Method of and system for signal analysis in a wireless communications system
    ES2687752T3|2018-10-29|Procedure and apparatus for the hybrid location of wireless networks
    EP1382217B1|2010-04-28|Method and apparatus for estimating the position of a terminal based on identification codes for transmission sources
    DE60126485T2|2007-11-29|Method for calculating the real loop time and residence of a participating device in wcdma / utran
    US6420999B1|2002-07-16|Method and apparatus for determining an error estimate in a hybrid position determination system
    US6081229A|2000-06-27|System and method for determining the position of a wireless CDMA transceiver
    US6252543B1|2001-06-26|Location system combining ranging measurements from GPS and cellular networks
    US6208297B1|2001-03-27|Methods and apparatus to position a mobile receiver using downlink signals, part I
    KR100705730B1|2007-04-12|Method for improving the wireless location system
    KR100766558B1|2007-10-11|Improvements in radio positioning systems
    US7898473B2|2011-03-01|Method for positioning, a positioning system, and an electronic device
    US6266014B1|2001-07-24|Methods and apparatus to position a mobile receiver using downlink signals part IV
    US7702338B2|2010-04-20|Method for finding the location of a mobile terminal in a cellular radio system
    US6798824B2|2004-09-28|Spread spectrum subscriber unit for analyzing multipath components
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP1014103A3|2002-03-20|
    JP2000180186A|2000-06-30|
    US6748224B1|2004-06-08|
    DE69943332D1|2011-05-19|
    EP1014103B1|2011-04-06|
    CN1257387A|2000-06-21|
    EP1014103A2|2000-06-28|
    JP3510549B2|2004-03-29|
    BR9905822A|2000-08-08|
    CA2288490A1|2000-06-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1998-12-16|Priority to US09/212,261
    1998-12-16|Priority to US9/212,261
    1999-12-16|Application filed by 루센트 테크놀러지스 인크
    2000-10-25|Publication of KR20000062203A
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US09/212,261|US6748224B1|1998-12-16|1998-12-16|Local positioning system|
    US9/212,261|1998-12-16|
    [返回顶部]